Example Program for Special Operators in Java

Operators are the constructs which can manipulate the values of the operands. Consider the expression 2 + 3 = 5, here 2 and 3 are operands and + is called operator. In this article on Java operators, the goal is to get you the expertise required to get started and work with operators in Java.

Java supports the following types of operators:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Logical Operators
• Relational Operators
• Unary Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Ternary Operators
• Shift Operators

Let's focus on each of these operators one by one.

Arithmetic Operators in Java

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, etc. Assume that A = 10 and B = 20 for the below table.

Operator	Description	Example
+ Addition	Adds values on either side of the operator	A+B=30
– Subtraction	Subtracts the right-hand operator with left-hand operator	A-B=-10
* Multiplication	Multiplies values on either side of the operator	A*B=200
/ Division	Divides left hand operand with right hand operator	A/B=0
% Modulus	Divides left hand operand by right hand operand and returns remainder	A%B=0

Consider the below example:

package Edureka;  public class ArithmeticOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int A = 10; 		    int B = 20; 		    System.out.println(A + B); 		    System.out.println(A - B); 		    System.out.println(A * B); 		    System.out.println(A / B); 		    System.out.println(A % B); 		  }  }        

Output:

30
-10
200
0
10

Assignment Operators in Java

An Assignment Operator is an operator  used to assign  a new value to a variable. Assume A = 10 and B = 20 for the below table.

Operator	Description	Example
=	Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand	c = a + b
+=	It adds right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to left operand	c += a
-=	It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to left operand	c -= a
*=	It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to left operand	c *= a
/=	It divides left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to left operand	c /= a
%=	It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to left operand	c %= a
^=	Performs exponential (power) calculation on operators and assign value to the left operand	c ^= a

Consider the below example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a = 10; 		    int b=20; 		    int c; 		    System.out.println(c = a); // Output =10 		    System.out.println(b += a);// Output=30 		    System.out.println(b -= a);// Output=20 		    System.out.println(b *= a);// Output=200 		    System.out.println(b /= a);// Output=2 		    System.out.println(b %= a);// Output=0 		    System.out.println(b ^= a);// Output=0 		  }  }

Moving ahead in Java operators tutorial, let's see what are comparison operators.

Relational Operators in Java

These operators compare the values on either side of them and decide the relation among them. Assume A = 10 and B = 20.

Operator	Description	Example
==	If the values of two operands are equal, then the condition becomes true.	(A == B) is not true
!=	If the values of two operands are not equal, then condition becomes true.	(A != B) is true
>	If the value of the left operand is greater than the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.	(a > b) is not true
<	If the value of the left operand is less than the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.	(a < b) is true
>=	If the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand, then condition becomes true.	(a >= b) is not true
<=	If the value of the left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.	(a <= b) is true

Consider the below example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a = 10; 		    int b=20; 		    System.out.println(a == b); // returns false because 10 is not equal to 20 		    System.out.println(a != b); // returns true because 10 is not equal to 20 		    System.out.println(a > b); // returns false  		    System.out.println(a < b); // returns true                      System.out.println(a >= b); // returns false 		    System.out.println(a <= b); // returns true  		  } 		   }        

Next up, let's focus on logical operators in Java.

Logical Operators in Java

The following are the Logical operators present in Java:

Operator	Description	Example
&& (and)	True if both the operands is true	a<10 && a<20
|| (or)	True if either of the operands is true	a<10 || a<20
! (not)	True if an operand is false (complements the operand)	!(x<10 && a<20)

Consider the below example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a = 10; 		System.out.println(a<10 & a<20);  //returns false 		System.out.println(a<10 || a<20); //returns true 		System.out.println(!(a<10 &  a<20)); //returns true 		  }   }        

Now let's see unary operators in Java.

Unary Operator in Java

 Unary operators are the one that needs a single operand and are used to increment a value, decrement or negate a value.

Operator	Description	Example
++	increments the value by 1. There is post-increment and pre-increment operators	a++ and ++a
—	decrements the value by 1. There is post decrement and pre decrement operators	a– or –a
!	invert a boolean value	!a

Consider the following example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a = 10; 		    boolean b=true;         System.out.println(a++);  //returns 11         System.out.println(++a);           System.out.println(a--);           System.out.println(--a);           System.out.println(!b); // returns false 		  }   }        

Moving ahead, let's understand bitwise operator in Java

Bitwise Operator in Java

Bitwise operations directly manipulate bits. In all computers, numbers are represented with bits, a series of zeros and ones. In fact, pretty much everything in a computer is represented by bits. Assume that A = 10 and B = 20 for the below table.

Operator	Description	Example
& (AND)	returns bit by bit AND of input	a&b
| (OR)	returns OR of input values	a|b
^ (XOR)	returns XOR of input values	a^b
~ (Complement)	returns the one's complement. (all bits reversed)	~a

Consider the example shown below:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a = 58; //111010 		    int b=13; //1101         System.out.println(a&b);  //returns 8 = 1000         System.out.println(a|b);  //63=111111         System.out.println(a^b);  //55=11011         System.out.println(~a);  //-59 		  }   }        

Next up, let's focus on the ternary operator in Java

Ternary Operators in Java

The ternary operator is a conditional operator that decreases the length of code while performing comparisons and conditionals. This method is an alternative for using if-else and nested if-else statements. The order of execution for this operator is from left to right.

Syntax:

(Condition) ? (Statement1) : (Statement2);

• Condition: It is the expression to be evaluated which returns a boolean value.
• Statement 1: It is the statement to be executed if the condition results in a true state.
• Statement 2: It is the statement to be executed if the condition results in a false state.

Consider the below example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		  int a = 20, b = 10, c = 30, res;  		res = ((a > b) ? (a > c)? a: c: (b > c)? b: c);  		System.out.println("Max of three numbers = "+ res);  		}  }        

Output– Max of three numbers = 30

Moving ahead to the last java operator, let's understand Shift operators in Java.

Shift Operators in Java

Shift operatorsare used to shift the bits of a number left or right, thereby multiplying or dividing the number. There are three different types of shift operators, namely left shift operator()<<, signed right operator(>>) and unsigned right shift operator(>>>).

Syntax:

          number          shift_op          number_of_places_to_shift;

Consider the following example:

package Edureka;  public class JavaOperators { 	  public static void main(String[] args) { 		    int a=58;          System.out.println(a<<2); //232=11101000          System.out.println(a>>2);  //returns 14=1110         System.out.println(a>>>2); //returns 14 		  }   }        

With this, we come to an end of this article on the different Java operators. I hope this article was informative to you.

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